A Seismic Construction of Piling Head(桩头的抗震构造).doc

原文： A Seismic Construction of Piling Head OSHIMA, K. Public Works Research Institute, Ministry of Construction, Tsukuba, Japan KATO, S. Construction Materials Technical Service and Development Section, Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan NOMURA, M. Japanese Association for Steel Pipe Piles, Tokyo, Japan SYNOPSIS In Japan, earthquakes are experienced frequently. Many buildings and structures in Japan are supported on pile foundations. For these pile foundations, the joint section between the piles and footing (hereinafter referred to as Pile Head Joint), where the load of the superstructure is transmitted to the ground through the piles, is important in both the design and construction of works particularly under seismic conditions. This paper discusses the state which the force is transmitted to the Pile Head Joint, and introduces the basic construction of the Pile Head Joint, based on experimental investigation. Steel pipe piles are given particular attention. DAMAGE TO PILE FOUNDATIONS Only a small number of reports are available on the damage to Pile foundations by earthquakes in Japan. Table I shows the data reported which is arranged in order related to the extent of damage caused between 1964 and 19821). In Table I, it can be seen that there were many cases of destruction of the pile head section. Compared with the destruction of steel pipe piles, it is found that there were remarkably large numbers of broken concrete piles. For RC piles, there were many cases of breakage due to bending and cracks without accompanying subsidence of the pile heads. Concerning PC and AC piles, however, it was remarkable that piles were damaged from shear and vertical pressure accompanying the subsidence of each pile head. It has been determined, therefore, that a large load acted on each pile head during an earthquake. It is reported1) that the external causes of the type of damage referred to above are (1) the lateral displacement of soi