虚拟语气系统复习课件.ppt

Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气 定义： 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 ◆真实条件句 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.　 A.will rain　 B.rains　 C.rained　 D.is rained ◆非真实条件句 1.与现在事实相反的假设。 if从句　　　　　 主句 did\were　 would (might\could\ should) +v. 　 Eg. If they were here, they would help you. B 2.与过去事实相反的假设。 if从句　　　 主句　　　　　 had +p.p.　would (might\could\ should) have+ p.p. Eg. If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.　 　 The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.　 3.表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小）  if从句　　　　　　 主句did\were　　　　　 were + to do would (might\could\ should) +v. should + do　　　　 Eg. If you succeeded\ should succeed\ were to succeed, everything would be all right. ◆混合条件句 （混合虚拟语气） 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). ◆虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I　　 B. I were　 C. Were I　 D. Was I  C Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.　 Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. ◆特殊的虚拟语气词：should 1） It is necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。（注：常为表情绪、观点的形容词或名词，如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising, funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。）  Eg. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。【注：一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order. command) 三建议(advise. suggest. propose) 五要求(demand. require. reques