被动语态的练习1dayin.doc

被动语态详解及专项练习 (一) 语 态 分 类 ???? 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：?? They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)? A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)??????? 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。?? (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化?主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下：????? 一般现在时： am / is / are + given??????? 一般过去时： was / were +given?????? 一般将来时： shall / will +be +?given?????? 一般过去将来时： should / would + be + given?????? 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given????? 过去进行时： was / were + being + given??????? 现在完成时： have / has + been + given????? 过去完成时： had + been + given????? 将来完成时： shall /? will + have been + given????? 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + given??［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。?? (三)被动语态常用的八种时态?1. 一般现在时：?? People grow rice in the south of the country.??Rice is grown in the south of the country.???2. 一般过去时：?? They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.?? The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.?????3. 一般将来时：?? They will send cars abroad by sea.?Cars will be sent abroad by sea.??4. 过去将来时：?? The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.?? The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.?????5. 现在进行时：?? The radio is broadcasting English lessons.? English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. 6. 过去进行时：?? This time last year we were planting trees here.? Trees were being planted here this time last year.??7. 现在完成时：?? Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off.? I have been told the sports meet might be put off.????8. 过去完成时：?? When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.?? When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.??9. 含有情态动词的被动语态：??????? 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。?? You must hand in your compositions after class.?? Your compositions must be handed in after class.? (四) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用?1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用