胡壮麟语言学教程课件Part5.pdf

Chapter 3 Lexicon Chapter 3 Lexicon Chapter 3 Lexicon What is word？ What is word？ The formation of word The formation of word Lexical change Lexical change 3.1 What is word? 3.1 What is word? 3.1.1 Three senses of word 3.1.1 Three senses of word 1) A physically definable unit 1) A physically definable unit 2) The common factor underlying a set of forms 2) The common factor underlying a set of forms 3) A grammatical unit 3) A grammatical unit 3.1.2 Identification of words 3.1.2 Identification of words 1) stability 1) stability 2) Relative uninterruptibility 2) Relative uninterruptibility 3) A minimum free form 3) A minimum free form 3.1.3 Classification of words 3.1.3 Classification of words 1) Variable and invariable words 1) Variable and invariable words 2) Grammatical words and lexical words 2) Grammatical words and lexical words 3) closed-class words and open- class words 3) closed-class words and open- class words 4) word class 4) word class I)Particles; ii)Auxiliaries; iii) Pro- form; iv) Determiners I)Particles; ii)Auxiliaries; iii) Pro- form; iv) Determiners 3.2 The Formation of Word 3.2 The Formation of Word 3.2.1 Morpheme and Morphology 3.2.1 Morpheme and Morphology 1) Morpheme is the smallest unit of 1) Morpheme is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between language in terms of relationship between expression and content, a unit that can not be expression and content, a unit that can not be divided into further smaller units without divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether it is lexical or grammatical. whether it is lexical or grammatical. 2) Morphology is a