microRNA-141在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其靶基因预测.pdfVIP

目 录 中文摘要·············································································1 英文摘要·············································································4 研究论文 microRNA-141 在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其靶基因预测 前言·············································································7 材料与方法····································································8 结果·············································································12 附图·············································································13 附表·············································································16 讨论·············································································22 结论·············································································29 参考文献·······································································30 综述 microRNA-141 在人类肿瘤中的研究进展····························38 致谢···················································································51 个人简历·············································································52 万方数据 中 文 摘 要 m icroRNA-141 在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其靶基因预测 摘 要 目的：近年来，结直肠癌已成为罹患率较高的消化道常见恶性肿瘤之 一。我国大肠癌发病率在过去的30 年呈显著增长，已升至恶性肿瘤死因 的第4 位，严重威胁人民的生命及生活质量。我国结直肠癌的早期筛查工 作在我国大城市逐渐开展，但是在我国广大地区筛查工作并不普及，许多 患者在首诊时已是局部进展期或出现远处转移，手术切除困难或失去手术 机会，对于进展期结直肠癌，术后复发率高患者预后较差。通过从基因、 分子水平研究结直肠癌的发病机制，寻找结直肠癌特异性的分子标志物以 期早期诊断结直肠癌，并在基因、分子水平探讨新的治疗方式。微小 RNA (MicroRNA, miRNA) 一般是由 18-25 个核苷酸组成的的非编码小分子 RNA 。作为单链的 RNA 分子，其主要作用于靶基因 3 ’非翻译区 (untranslated region,UTR)，引起靶 mRNA 的降解或抑制其翻译，其功能 为调节内源基因的表达，调控细胞活动的大多数环节都有其参与。近年来 多项研究发现miRNA 在多种癌症的发生、发展及转归等过程中发挥重要 作用。其中，miRNA-200 家族在