地质摘抄(国外英文资料).docVIP

地质摘抄 Fill in the blanks (25 points) 1. seismic wave propagation in the earth has two very obvious interface, in the average depth of 33 km for the first seismic interface, also known as the Moho surface; the average depth of 2898 km is second seismic interface, also known as Gutenberg, the inner layer is divided into Earths crust, mantle and core. (3.5 points) 2. mineral is one of the natural elements or compounds formed in various geological processes by one or more chemical elements in the earths crust. Minerals are the basic units of rock and ore. The eight rock forming minerals of magmatic rocks are quartz, potash feldspar, Xie Changshi, olivine, pyroxene, hornblende, biotite and muscovite. Ten typical mineral Mohs hardness meter (from) for talc, gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, feldspar, quartz, topaz, corundum and diamond. (6 points) 3., the necessary conditions for coal formation are plant conditions, climatic conditions, natural geographical conditions and crustal movement conditions. The macroscopic coal and rock constituents include mirror coal, carbon, bright coal, and dark coal. (4 points) 4. magma is formed in the deep crust or upper mantle, silicate as the main component, hot, viscous, rich in volatile substances melt. According to the content of SiO2, it can be divided into four basic types: ultrabasic magma, basic magma, neutral magma and acid magma. (4 points) The 5. lithologic classification system is the most basic unit, the group is a set of rock, lithofacies, and metamorphic consistency of the set of rock. Three group names of coal bearing formations, Shanxi formation, Benxi formation and Longtan Formation (3.5 points) are enumerated The 6. sources of mine water including atmospheric precipitation, surface water, water, waste water, fault water . (2.5 points) 7. three volume in coal mine refers to the amount of coal to be prepared, the amount of coal to be exploited, the amount of coal to be extracted. (1.5 points) Two, brief body (total 17 p