数学专业英语X.pptx

数学专业英语;二：The limit of a sequence; DEFINITION: A sequence {f(n)} is said to have a limit L if, for every positive number ε, there is another positive number N ( which may depend on ε ) such that | an－L |ε for all n ≥ N . In this case, we say the sequence {f(n)} converges to L and we write.lim(n→∝)f(n)=L, or f(n)→L as n→∝.A sequence which does not converge is called divergent. converge 汇聚 divergent 有分歧的，发散 定义：{F(n)}序列据说有限制L如果对于每一个积极的数字e，有另一个积极的号码N（这可能取决于电子）例如 | an－L | e for all n ≥ N ，这种情况下，我们说的序列{f(n)}汇聚为L和我们写lim(n→∝)f(n)=L, or f(n)→L as n→∝不衔接的一系列被称为发散。; In this definition the function values f(n) and the limit L may be real or complex numbers. If f and L are complex, we may decompose them into their real and imaginary parts, say f=u+iv and L=a+ib. Then we have f(n)-L=u(n)-a+i[v(n)-b].The inequalities |u(n)-a|≦|f(n)-L| and |v(n)-b|≦|f(n)-L| decompose 分解，腐烂 to decompose into 分解成某物 在这个定义中，函数值f(n)和极限L可以是实数或者复数。如果f(n)和L是复数，我们可将它们分解成实部和虚部，记为f=u+iv, L=a+ib, 则有f(n)-L= u(n)- a+i[v(n)-b]. 不等式|u(n)-a|≦|f(n)-L| and |v(n)-b|≦|f(n)-L|; show that the relation f(n)→L implies v(n)→a and u(n)→b as n→∝.Conversely ,the inequality |f(n)-L|≦|u(n)-a|+|v(n)-b| shows that the two relations u(n)→a and v(n)→b imply f(n)→L as n→∝.In other words ,a complex-valued sequence f converges if and only if both the real part u and the imaginary part v converge separately ,in which case we have lim(n→∝)f(n)=lim(n→∝)u(n)+i*lim(n→∝)v(n). conversely 相反的 complex-valued sequence复值序列 表明当n→∝时，关系式f(n)→L推得v(n)→a和u(n)→b。反过来，不等式|f(n)-L|≦|u(n)-a|+|v(n)-b|表明当n→∝时，u(n)→a和v(n)→b，推得f(n)→L。换句话说，复值序列f收敛当且仅当实部u和虚部v分别收敛，这是有lim(n→∝)f(n)=lim(n→∝)u(n)+i*lim(n→∝)v(n); It is clear that any function defined for all positive real x may be used to construct a sequence by restricting x to take only integer values.This explains the strong analogy between the definition just given and the one in Section 6.4 for more general functions. It is clear that 显然 restrict 限制 to