大学物理公式（College physics formula）.docVIP

大学物理公式（College physics formula） Concepts (definitions and related formulas) 1. Position vector: in rectangular coordinate system: Angle position: theta 2. Speed: average speed: speed: () angular velocity: The relation between angular velocity and velocity: V = r omega 3. Acceleration: or average acceleration: angular acceleration: In the natural coordinate system (= r beta), (= r2 omega) 4. Force: = m (or =) moment: (size: m = rFcos theta) direction: right-handed screw rule) 5. Momentum: angular momentum: (size: L = rmvcos theta direction: right-handed screw rule) 6. Impulse: (= Δ t); Work: (external work of gas: A = integral PdV) Mg (gravity) - MGH -kx (elastic force), kx2/2 F equals gravitation, = Ep (electrostatic force) 7. Kinetic energy: mV2/2 8. Potential energy: A bartender = - Δ Ep different forms of interaction potential energy and the zero point choose its form is different, in the case of default of potential energy zero: Mechanical energy: E = EK + EP 9. Heat: the molar heat capacity C is related to the process, and the relationship between the heat capacity Cv and the isobaric heat capacity Cp is Cp = Cv + R Pressure: 11. Molecular average translational energy: Ideal gas internal energy: 12. Maxwell velocity distribution function: (meaning: the number of molecules per unit velocity in the vicinity of V) 13. Average rate: Root rate: Maximum rate: 14. Entropy: S = Kln Ω (Ω for thermodynamic probability, i.e., a kind of macroscopic state contains the number of microscopic state) 15. Electric field intensity: = / q0 (for point charge:) Electric potential: (to the point charge); Electric potential: Wa = qUa (A = - Δ W) 17. Capacitance: C = Q/U; Capacitors storage: W = cu2/2; The energy density of the field is omega e = epsilon 0E2/2 18. Magnetic induction intensity: size, B = Fmax/qv (T); In the direction, the small needle points (S to N). Law and theorem 1. Vector superposition principle: any vector can be considered as the sum of its independent components