2014【非谓语动词】 教师版.docVIP

2014中考复习专题 之 非谓语动词 to+动词原形，和，动词ing形式，不能在句子中作谓语，因此称为非谓语动词。 “to+动词原形”作主语 例: To learn a foreign language is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语不容易。（it= to learn a foreign language） 比较：It’s kind of you to think so much of us. 你为我们考虑这么多真是太好了。 It’s hard for you to study English well. 对你来说，学好英语是很困难的。 说明：for sb 句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词（easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, interesting） of sb. 句型通常使用表示主观感情，人品的形容词（good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, wrong, careful） “to+动词原形”作定语 例: Have you got anything to eat? 你有吃的东西吗？（to eat限定anything） There is nothing for us to worry about. 没有什么好担心的。（to worry about 限定nothing） “to+动词原形”作宾语 例: He wanted to borrow my radio. 他想借我的收音机。 We find it easy to do the work. 我们发现做那件工作很容易。(it= to do the work) 注意比较：I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么？ I don’t know how to do it. 我不知道该怎样做这件事？ “to+动词原形”作状语，常用于下列句型 例：I am sorry to hear it. （表示原因） 听到这件事我很难过。 He is too young to go to school. （表示结果）他太小而不能上学。 She is old enough to go to school. （表示结果）她足够大去上学。 He got up very early to catch the early bus. （表示目的）他起床很早去赶早班车。 “to+动词原形”作宾补 例：He wanted me to call again. (to call again 作me这个宾语的补足语) 注意：有些动词后作宾补的to应该省掉,常见的有：feel感觉 hear 听见 make使某人做┅/ have使某人做┅let 使某人做--- see 看见/ watch 观看，看见/ help后 to省掉不省掉均可 例: I will have the student clean the window. 我将让那个学生打扫窗户。 It is interesting to watch other people play chess. 看被人下棋很有趣。 “to+动词原形”可放在疑问词后 例：We must decide whether to go or stay. I really don’t know what to write about.= I really don’t know what I should write about. The question is where to put it.= The question is where we should put it. I asked him how to learn English.= I asked him how we should learn English. 否定式为：not +不定式 例：Please tell him not to be late. 请告诉他不要迟到。 某些动词后只能用“to+动词原形”： tell/ ask/ want/decide/ hope/ wish/ learn/ agree/ fail/ plan/ promise/ refuse/ 例：I learned to skate last year. 去年我学会了滑冰。 “动词ing形式”作主语 例: Eating too much is bad for your health.= It’s bad for your health eating too much. 吃太多对健康有坏