有机化学中各种物质的转换（Conversion of various substances in organic chemistry）.docVIP

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有机化学中各种物质的转换（Conversion of various substances in organic chemistry）.doc

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有机化学中各种物质的转换（Conversion of various substances in organic chemistry）

有机化学中各种物质的转换（Conversion of various substances in organic chemistry） Combustion of methane CH4 + 2O2, CO2 + 2H2O (condition is lit) Methane cuts off air temperature decomposition The decomposition of methane is complicated, and the following is the final decomposition. CH4, C + 2H2 (conditions for high temperature, high pressure, catalyst) Substitution of methane and chlorine gas CH4 + Cl2 - CH3Cl + HCl CH3Cl + Cl2 - CH2Cl2 + HCl CH2Cl2 + Cl2 - CHCl3 + HCl CHCl3 + Cl2, CCl4 + HCl. Laboratory-made methane CH3COONa + NaOH go Na2CO3 + CH4 (condition is CaO heating) Ethylene combustion CH2 = CH2 + 3O2, 2CO2 + 2H2O (condition is lit) Ethylene and bromine CH2 = CH2 + Br2 - CH2Br - CH2Br Ethylene and water CH2 = CH2 + H20, CH3CH2OH. Ethylene and hydrogen chloride CH2 = CH2 + HCl to CH3 - CH2Cl Ethylene and hydrogen CH2 = CH2 + H2, CH3 - CH3, which is the catalyst. Ethylene polymerization NCH2 = CH2 - [- CH2 - CH2 -] n - (condition for catalyst) Vinyl chloride polymerization NCH2 = CHCl - [- CH2 - CHCl -] n - (condition for catalyst) Laboratory ethylene CH3CH2OH, CH2 = CH2 + H2O (the condition is heating, strong H2SO4) Acetylene combustion C2H2 + 3O2-2CO2 + H2O (condition to ignite) Acetylene and bromine The br2 - C2H2Br4 C2H2 + 2 Acetylene and hydrogen chloride Two steps: C2H2 + HCl, C2H3Cl, C2H3Cl, C2H3Cl, C2H3Cl Acetylene and hydrogen Two-step response: C2H2 + H2 - C2H4 - C2H2 + 2H2 - C2H6 (the condition is the catalyst) The laboratory made acetylene CaC2 + 2 h2o - Ca (OH) 2 + C2H2 write The polyethylene equation is synthesized from salt, water, limestone and coke. CaCO3 = = CaO + CO2 2CaO + 5C = = 2CaC2 + CO2 CaC2 + 2H2O, C2H2 + Ca (OH) 2 C + H2O CO + H2 = = = -- -- -- -- -- the high temperature C2H2 + H2 - C2H4 - acetylene addition produces ethylene C2H4 are Benzene combustion 2C6H6 + 15O2-12CO2 + 6H2O. Benzene and liquid bromine C6H6 + Br2 - C6H5Br + gets Benzene and concentrated sulfuric acid concentrated nitric acid C6H6 + HNO3 - C6H5NO2 + H2O (condition is concentra