常见气体实验室制法（Common gas laboratory method）.docVIP

常见气体实验室制法（Common gas laboratory method） [original] laboratory method for common gases Gas name: oxygen Formula: O2 Molecular weight: 32 Reaction equation: 2KClO3 = (MnO2) = delta = 2KCl + 3O2 Basic response types: decomposition reactions Reactant state: solid solid heating Water solubility: insoluble Color: colorless Bouquet: tasteless Methods: upward exhaust air method, drainage method Exhaust air check method: take Mars wood, reignite Optional desiccant: thick H2SO4, no water CuSO4, alkali lime, no water CaCl2, P2O5 Other methods: 2KMnO4 = delta = K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2; H2o2 = 2 (MnO2) = 2 h2o + O2 write Note: no combustible material can be mixed in the test tube during the decomposition of KClO3, otherwise the explosion will be caused. Gas name: hydrogen Chemical formula: H2 Relative molecular mass: 2 Reaction equation: Zn + H2SO4 (thin) = ZnSO4 + H2 up Basic response type: displacement reaction Reactant status: solid liquid normal temperature Water solubility: insoluble Color: colorless Bouquet: tasteless Collection method: air method and drainage method Optional desiccant: thick H2SO4, no water CuSO4, alkali lime, no water CaCl2, P2O5 Other methods: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O = 2NaAlO2 + 3H2. CaH2 + 2 h2o = Ca (OH) 2 + 2 h2 write Note: h2 so4 and any concentration of HNO3 cannot be used. It must be inspected before ignition or heating, so as not to explode. Gas name: chlorine gas Chemical formula: Cl2 Relative molecular weight: 71 Reaction equation: MnO2 + 4HCl (thick) = delta = MnCl2 + Cl2 Reactant state: solid liquid heating Water solubility: soluble (1:2) Colour: yellow green Smell: pungent smell (toxic!) Collection method: air method, saturated salt water method Method of air discharge inspection: observe color; Wet starch - KI test paper, paper change blue Optional desiccant: thick H2SO4, no water CuSO4, no water CaCl2, P2O5 Other methods: KClO3 + 6HCl = KCl + 3H2O. 2 kmno4 mncl2 HCL + 16 = 2 + 2 KCL + 5 cl2 + 8 h2o Precautions: must be operated in the fume hood, the