《天体物理概论》Kormendy E-E E-Sph dichotomies 0812.0806v1.pdfVIP

Galaxy Evolution: Emerging Insights and Future Challenges ASP Conference Series, Vol. 000, 2009 S. Jogee, L. Hao, G. Blanc, and I. Marinova, Eds. The Elliptical–Spheroidal and Elliptical–Elliptical Galaxy Dichotomies John Kormendy Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C1400, Austin, TX 78712-0259, USA Abstract. This paper summarizes Kormendy et al. (2009, ApJS, in press, arXiv:0810.1681). We confirm that spheroidal galaxies have fundamental plane 8 correlations that are almost perpendicular to those for bulges and ellipticals. 0 Spheroidals are not dwarf ellipticals. They are structurally similar to late-type 0 galaxies. We suggest that they are defunct (“red and dead”) late-type galaxies 2 transformed by a variety of gas removal processes. Minus spheroidals, ellipticals c come in two varieties: giant, non-rotating, boxy galaxies with cuspy cores and e smaller, rotating, disky galaxies that lack cores. We find a new feature of this D “E–E dichotomy”: Coreless ellipticals have extra light at the center with respect 3 to an inward extrapolation of the outer S´ersic profile. We suggest that extra light is made in starbursts that swamp core scouring in wet mergers. In general, ] only giant, core ellipticals contain X-ray gas halos. We suggest that they formed h in mergers that were kept dry by X-ray gas heated by active galactic nuclei. p - o r 1. High-Dynamic-Ra