第3-5章 国际结算方式.ppt

信用证陷阱---原因与目的 存心诈骗——受益人预付的履约保证金、开证押金、质保金等； 掌握信用证主动权，市场疲软时逃避责任； 更好地控制货物，掌握装运时间，维护自身利益； 审证---软条款（暂不生效条款） 买方（通知）指定船/船公司 THIS CREDIT IS NON-OPERATIVE UNLESS THE NAME OF CARRYING VESSEL HAS BEEN APPROVED BY APPLICANT AND TO BE ADVISED BY L/C ISSUING BANK INFORM OF AN L/C AMENDMENT TO BENEFICIARY 申请人（通知）装船日 SHIPMENT CAN ONLY BE EFFECTED UPON RECEIPT OF AN AMENDMENT OF THIS CREDIT ADVISING SHIPMENT DATE 审证 ---软条款（暂不生效条款） 外汇当局的批准 THIS CREDIT WILL BECOME OPERATIVE PROVIDED THAT THE NECESSARY AUTHORIZATION BE OBTAINED FROM EXCHANGE AUTHORITY，WE SHALL INFORM YOU AS SOON AS THE AUTHORIZATION OBTAINED 审证 ---软条款（设定付款条件） 货物到达后付款 PAYMENT TO BENEFICIARIES WILL BE EFFECTED ONLY AFTER YOU RECEIVE OUR ADVICE THAT THE APPLICANTS HAVE ADVISED US ABOUT THE ARRIVAL OF GOODS AND THAT THEY AUTHORISE PAYMENT. 取得配额后付款 SHOULD IT BECOME NECESSARY FOR APPLICANT TO ADD ADDITIONALTERMS AND CONDITIONS TO THIS L/C DUE TO SUBSEQUENTLY ACQUIRED IMPORT QUOTA REGULATIONS, AND THAT TERMS WILL BE IMMEDIATELY BINDING UPON ALLPARTIESTOTHISL/C 特殊条款 A CERTIFICATE FROM THE STEAM SHIP AGENTS/OWNER/MASTER CERTIFYING THAT THE VESSEL CARRYING GOODS IS NOT ISRAELI AND WILL NOT CALL ON AN ISRAELI PORT WHILE CARRYING THE GOODS, AND THAT THE VESSEL IS NOT BANNED ENTRY TO THE PORTS OF THE ARAB STATES （. 由船 务代理或船东或船长签发的证明 书证明载货船舶不是以色列船籍， 在航行途中不停靠以色列港口并 且不受限制进入阿拉伯国家的港口）。 背靠背信用证 买方 第一开证行 供货人 第二通知行 中间商 第一通知行 第二开证行 1、申请开立信用证 2、开立信用证 3、通知信用证 4、申请开立背靠背信用证 5、开立信用证 6、通知背靠背信用证 比较可转让信用证与背靠背信用证的不同点 　 可转让信用证 背靠背信用证 与原信用证开证申请人、开证行的关系 　可转让信用证的开立必须经过原信用证开证申请人、开证行授权方可开立 背靠背信用证的开立与原信用证开证申请人、开证行无关 UCP规定 可转让信用证须有明确注明 不必注明 开证行 同一个开证行保证付款 两个不同的开证行 对开信用证（Reciprocal Credit） 对开信用证：买卖双方各自开立的以对方为受益人的信用证。 可同时生效 This credit shall not be available unless and until the reciprocal credit is established 也可分别生效 This credit is available by draft at 180 days after bill of lading date. A reciprocal credit available by sight draft…… 对开信用证（Reciprocal Credit） 申请人 受益人 开证行 通知行 受益人 申请人 开证行 通知行 1、申请开征 3、通知 2、对开信用证 3、通知 1、申