解读玉米苗枯病研究进展和防治.docVIP

解读玉米苗枯病的研究进展与防治 Interpretation of the research progress of maize seedling blight and prevention 玉米苗枯病是一种重要的玉米苗期病害，20世纪50年代国外就有报导。国内1988年吴新兰初度报导在制种田发作该病，1989年该病在襄北区域制种田的黄早四病株率高达95.5%；1990年在浙江省部分县的山区春玉米大面积发作玉米苗枯病。1992年辽宁省铁岭平顶堡乡因死苗毁种近千亩；1993年玉米苗枯病在鲁西区域杂交制种田严峻发作；1999年山东德州市发病面积达2175万hm2，占玉米总面积的1/10以上，其间沉痾田017万hm2，减产严峻。2009年山东各地玉米产区均有大面积发作。　　 Maize seedling blight is a kind of important corn seedling diseases, in the 1950 s has reported abroad. Domestic 1988 Wu Xinlan ChuDu reports at the onset of the disease in the seed production, in 1989 the disease in yellow in the seed production as early as four XiangBei area strain rate is as high as 95.5%; In some counties in zhejiang province in 1990 mountain spring corn widespread attacks maize seedling blight. Tieling, liaoning province, 1992 ceiling BaoXiang because of dead plants destroyed nearly one thousand acres; Hybrid maize seedling blight in luxi area in 1993 severe seizures in the seed production; Shandong dezhou area of 21.75 million hm2 disease in 1999, more than 1/10 of the total area of corn, which sank explained tian 0.17 million hm2, cutting production. Around 2009 shandong corn region have large area attack. 1988年，浙江省东阳玉米研讨所王桂跃等对玉米苗枯病发病要素进行了查询，经过病原菌别离培育、致病性测定、病原菌判定，断定该病害的病原为串珠镰孢菌中心变种，田间查询发现带菌种子是病害的初度侵染源，种类的抗病性、气候条件、培养办理是致使苗枯病发作的发病要素。　　 In 1988, zhejiang dongyang Wang Guiyue by corn research on maize seedling blight morbidity factors to the query, after pathogen separation, determination of pathogenic, judgement of pathogenic bacteria cultivation, and concluded that the disease pathogen fusarium center for beaded variant, field queries found take bacterium seed is a disease of ChuDu QinRanYuan, kinds of disease, climate conditions, training is the element of seedling blight disease attack. 1990至1992年，浙江省临海市农科所狄广信等研讨证明浙江省发作的玉米苗枯病的病原菌以串珠镰刀菌中心变种为主，带菌种子和病土是本病的初侵染源，提出选用抗病种类、种子药剂处置和增施磷肥是防治玉米苗枯病的有用办法。　　 From 1990 to 1992, in zhejiang province linhai city NongKeSuo DiGuang letter discussion, zhejiang attacks of maize