试论农业生态系统中的生物多样性满足度.pdfVIP

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin Vo1．24 No．6 2008 June http：llwww．casb．org．cn ·396· 试论农业生态系统中的生物多样性满足度 魏 翔 李占斌 ( 安徽工程科技学院，安徽芜湖241000；z中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌712100； 3西安理工大学，陕西西安710048) 摘 要：农业生态系统作为自然生态系统模仿，其生物多样性达到多少时才能满足需要。回顾了农业生态 系统及其生物多样性的起源，通过分析指出对于农业生态系统中的生物多样性多少才足够的问题取决于 农业目标，不同的目标要求不同的生物多样性。自然生态系统的结构组成在本质上有着偶然性。在研究-3 前的生物多样性时应该考虑其频度和强度，这样才能确定在特定环境条件下的生物多样性是否足够。 关键词：农业；演替；功能模仿；自然生态系统；可持续性 中图分类号：Sl82 文献标识码：A How Much Biodiversity is Enough in Agriculture Ecosystem Wei Xiang ．Li Zhanbin 2，。 似nhui University of Technology And Science Wuhu Anhui 241000；21nstitute ofSoil and Water Conservation, Yangling Shaan Xi 712100；3Xi’an University ofTechnology,Xi’all Shaanxi 710048) Abstract：This paper addresses the question of how much biodiversity is enough in the context of the concept of agriculture as a mimic of nature．Following an historical review of the likely origins of agn culture ecosys— terns and biodiversity．Examples of adequate biodiversity are given and it is concluded that what constitutes enough biodiversity in an agricultural system is dependent upon the goal in question and will be different de- pending on whether the aim is．Ecosystems and their composition are contingent in nature，their frequency and intensity all need to be considered when interpreting the natural biodiversity present and thus determin- ing what is enough in particular circumstances． Keywords：agriculture，evolution，functional mimicry，natural ecosystems，sustainability 农业生态系统中生物多样性为多少时才足够?这 系统的组份，主要是生物多样性，它是影响农业可持续 样一个看起来简单的问题非常具有欺骗性，因为它涉 性发展的重要因素。更重要的是如何评价在长期生态 及到生物学中各种生物有机体之间错综复杂的相互关 的目标和短期农业经济目的下的农业