人教版小学数学五年级下册数学知识点 2（Human education edition primary mathematics fifth grade mathematics knowledge point 2）.doc

人教版小学数学五年级下册数学知识点 2（Human education edition primary mathematics fifth grade mathematics knowledge point 2） Elementary school fifth grade mathematics knowledge point School name Simple calculation Addition associative law: a + b + c = a + b + c) the nature of the subtraction: a - b - c = a - a - (b + c) (b, c) = a - b + c Ex. : The calculation part Pay attention to the calculation result, especially the fraction of the numerator and the denominator is a multiple of 3. Find the common denominator of several fractions quickly. Ex. : Solve the equation The properties of the equation: a plus or minus c = b plus or minus c = b = b = b = b = b = b * c = b = 0 The calculation of cuboids and cubes H. A???? ?? b a. The edge length of the cuboid and = 4a + 4b + 4h = 4 (a + b + h) the edges of the cube and = 12a (the length unit). Rectangular surface area = 2 (ab + bh + ah) surface area = (area unit) The volume of the cuboid = the volume of the cube of the abh cube = (volume unit) 5. Knowledge points 1, minimum: the smallest number of natural Numbers is 0, the smallest even number is 0, the smallest odd is 1, the smallest prime is 2, and the smallest number is 4. The biggest factor of a number is itself, the smallest factor is 1; The smallest multiple of a number is its body, with no maximum multiple. The greatest factor of a number is equal to its smallest multiple. 3. The transformation of graphics is: translation, symmetry, rotation, amplification and reduction. 4. Three elements of rotation: direction, Angle, center point (fixed point). Article 5, rectangular axis of symmetry of the two, a square has four axis of symmetry, so many more circular symmetric axis, semicircle only 1 the axis of symmetry, the fan only 1 the axis of symmetry, isosceles triangle only 1 the axis of symmetry, an equilateral triangle has three axis of symmetry, isosceles trapezoid only 1 the axis of symmetry, the diamond has 2 axis of symmetry. The general parallelogram is not an axisymmetric figure.