隧道施工中新奥法是一种施工方法还是施工原则请简要说明!_百度知道（NATM in tunnel construction is a construction method or construction principle Please briefly explain the _ Baidu know!）.docVIP

隧道施工中新奥法是一种施工方法还是施工原则请简要说明!_百度知道（NATM in tunnel construction is a construction method or construction principle Please briefly explain the _ Baidu know!） NATM is a design method or principle of tunnel support (anchor shotcrete temporary support + cast-in-place reinforced concrete shell permanent support). The Norway law and the corresponding other supporting design method (anchor permanent support), prefabricated segment combined ring support (for TBM boring machine or shield construction), prefabricated pipe or culvert support (for jacking construction), etc.. Tunnel construction method refers to the method of tunnel excavation, including drilling and blasting method, TBM method, shallow buried excavation method, pipe jacking method, and so on. NATM The new Austrian tunneling method is called the new Austria tunnel construction method. The New Austria Tunnelling Method - but NATM. It is consistent with what France calls the convergence restraint law, or the basic principles of dynamic observation, design, construction methods, as some countries call it. In our country, the new Austrian tunneling method is often called the shotcrete and shotcrete method. When building underground tunnel with this method, the ground interference is small and the project investment is relatively small. In the construction of underground tunnel in China, many methods have been used, and more mature construction experience has been accumulated, and the quality of the tunnel can be well guaranteed. Use this method to the construction, for rock strata can be used step by step or full face excavation, anchor bolting and shotcrete lining when necessary, do two times for lining; soil stratum, generally need to reinforce stratum after excavation and lining construction in the condition of groundwater. The necessity of precipitation before construction. The initial support of NATM is part of the permanent lining, which bears 60% of the entire tunnel The 70% force in the initial support in advo