隧道仰拱施工作业指导书（Operation guide book of tunnel invert construction）.docVIP

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隧道仰拱施工作业指导书（Operation guide book of tunnel invert construction）.doc

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隧道仰拱施工作业指导书（Operation guide book of tunnel invert construction） Operation guide book of tunnel invert construction Inverted arch is one of the main parts of tunnel structure, and it is the foundation of tunnel structure. On the one hand, the formation pressure on the upper part of the tunnel passes through the side wall structure of the tunnel, or the load on the road is effectively transmitted to the ground, and it also resists the counterforce from the lower stratum of the tunnel effectively. In fact, it is a foundation beam (plate) that can endure the permanent load of the formation and the load (dynamic load) when the road is facing. Therefore, the stress state of the inverted arch is complex. From the case of traffic tunnel disease at home and abroad to see, because the structure of the design and construction of tunnel invert, and tunnel structure instability, pavement settlement and cracking, examples of mud disease of a few. Therefore, the structure of the invert structure must be fine, and the structure must comply with the specifications and design requirements. First, inverted arch excavation: 1. The size of the foundation pit to be inverted shall comply with the requirements of the design documents. 2, according to the different types of surrounding rock, the tunnel with the upper and lower steps shall be used to control the length of the excavation during the excavation of the earth. General: Class III and the rock section, excavation length should be less than 5.0M. In particular, a steel support area should be short of digging out, IV and above the rock section length should be less than 10M. When the surrounding rock condition is better, the maximum should not exceed 15M. 3, in order to avoid excavation and vibration of the formation of the initial lining structure have adverse effects and try to control over excavation, inverted arch excavation is strictly prohibited to enlarge the gun, control the charge. 4, as far as possible the use of light blas