情态动词语法讲解与练习.doc

情态动词 1.表示推测 情态动词在表示推测时的用法 一般情况 正在进行的状况 已经发生的事情 过去一直在--- must肯定（只用于肯定句） do be doing have done have been doing can/could(not)可能吗？不可能（只用于疑问句，否定句） do be doing have done have been doing may/might/could可能 do be doing have done have been doing may/mighr not可能不 do be doing have done have been doing 例句a. ---Hi, Tom .Any idea where Jane is?---She must be in the classroom. I saw her there just now.你好，汤姆。你知道琼在哪儿吗？她肯定在教室。我刚刚在那儿见到她的。 b. ---“Can he be at home?---No,he can`t.他会在家吗？不可能。 c. ---Li Ping must be reading in the classroom.---No,he can`t.I saw him in the hall just now.李平肯定正在教室看书。不可能。我刚刚看见他在大厅。 注意比较： She may/might /could be at home.她可能在家。 She may/might not be at home.她可能不在家。 She can`t be at home.她不可能在家。 She must be at home.她肯定在家。 Can she be at home?她可能在家吗？ （注意以上几个句子的意思区别） d,She said that someone must have heard us in the toilet.她说肯定有人在厕所听到我们说话了。 He might have done something wrong yesterday.他昨天可能做错事了。 From 7to8yesterday evening,he must have been waiting for you.昨天晚上7点到8点他肯定一直在等你。 注意：1)should有时也可表示推测意为“应该” 例句：---When will I come for the phones?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ----They should be ready by 12:00.我什么时候来取照片？我明天下午需要。12点以前应该没问题. 注意2）Children mustn`t play in the street.孩子们不能在街上玩。（mustn`t不表示推测，表示不能，不允许） Mother is sleeping.You mustn`t make any noise.妈妈在睡觉。你不能吵。 2.should (not)have done本该---/本不该---（有谴责之意） ought(not) to have done本该---/本不该--- You are late again. You should/ought to have started earlier.你又迟到了。你本该早点出发的。 Why tell her the bad news ?You shouldn`t/ought not to have let her know it.为什么把这个坏消息告诉她？你本不该让她知道的。 注意：needn`t have done本不需要--（无谴责之意） You needn`t have so hurried.There is plenty of time left.你本不需要这么急忙。时间足够。 3．（1）---Must I stay ( at) home? ---Yes, you must./No,you needn`t./No, you don`t have to.我一定要呆在家里吗？是的。/不，你不必了。 （2）----May I go out now?----Yes, you may./No,you mustn`t.我可以现在出去吗？是的，你可以出去。/不，你不能出去。 （3）---Need I stay here?---Yes, you must.No,you needn`t./No, you don`t have to. 4.Shall I /we /he/she/they do--?(在疑问