Chapter1Invitations to Linguistics _英语语言学概论课件.ppt

Chapter1Invitations to Linguistics _英语语言学概论课件.ppt

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Chapter1Invitations to Linguistics _英语语言学概论课件

Chapter One Invitations to Linguistics;Father of modern linguistics;索绪尔——现代语言学之父;2. 什么是语言学及其语言学的研究内容;3. 语言学学习应注意的方面: ;1. Why Study Language?;1.1 Some myths about language;1.2 Some fundamental views about Language;Speakers of all languages employ a range of styles and a set of jargons. Languages are intimately related to the societies and individuals who use them. Writing is derivative of speech.;What is language?;“Language is a means of verbal communication.” It is instrumental in that communicating by speaking or writing is a purposeful act. It is social and conventional in that language is a social semiotic and communication can only take place effectively if all the users share a broad understanding of human interaction including such associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and socio-cultural roles. ;Definition of language;Speech enjoys priority over writing in modern linguistic study for the following reasons:;3. Design Features of Language;;Definition of Design features;Human language is ‘unique’;3.1 Arbitrarines ;Arbitrariness at the syntactic level: language is not arbitrary at the syntactic level. He came in and sat down. He sat down and came in. He sat down after he came in. The link between a linguistic sign and its meaning is a matter of convention.;3.2 Duality;3.3 Creativity ;Birds, bees, crabs, spiders, and most other creatures communicate in some way, but the information imparted is severely limited and confined to a small set of messages. Because of duality the human speaker is able to combine the basic linguistic units to form an infinite set of sentences, most of which are never before produced or heard. ;The recursive nature of language provides a potential to create an infinite number of sentences. For instance: He bought a book which was written by a teacher who taught in a school which was known for its graduates who ... ---This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the bread that lay in the house that Jack bui

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