阅读策略333课件.ppt

生物医学英文文献阅读策略与方法; 提纲 一.查阅和积累文献资料的意义 二. 查阅医学文献的若干困惑 三. 医学文献最常见的形式 四. 医学文献阅读的策略与方法的建议 ; 一.查阅和积累文献资料的意义;确定题目（选题过程） 1．提出问题(Problem) 2．文献查阅(Critical review of literatures) 3．假说形成(Formulation of hypothesis) 4．陈述问题(Statement of the problem) 安排实验 5．实验设计(Experimental design) 6．实验观察(Experimental investigation) 7．数据资料积累(Accumulation of raw data) 总结工作 完成论文 8．数据资料处理(Treatment of raw data) 9．统计分析(Statistical analysis) 10. 提炼出新发现、新概念、新理论，完成总结工作， 书写论文(Conclusions) ; 阅读文献在科学研究活动中重要作用 寻求选题依据，判定选题的价值、合理性和科学性，避免 重复研究 构思和完善科研假说的基础（科学性和假定性评价） 在科研工作总结阶段是论点形成的基础之一 ;读者日常获取感兴趣的科学信息的不竭的源泉;二. 查阅医学文献的若干困惑;三、医学文献最常见的形式;论著 (Original article);A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge including substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. Literature reviews are secondary sources, and as such, do not report any new or original experimental work. Most often associated with academic-oriented literature, such as theses, a literature review usually precedes a research proposal and results section. Its ultimate goal is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic and forms the basis for another goal, such as future research that may be needed in the area. A well-structured literature review is characterized by a logical flow of ideas; current and relevant references with consistent, appropriate referencing style; proper use of terminology; and an unbiased and comprehensive view of the previous research on the topic;Format separate journal regular feature in a journal irregular of special article in a journal ;Subject scope（文献综述内容范围） Broad overview of the subject as a whole 特定命题的全面综述 Overview of major topic within the subject 在特定命题内对一主要问题的综述 Review of specific topic 较限定的科学问题的研究综述（mini