语法2属性条款.ppt

　 定语从句;定语从句的定义;定语从句的位置;先行词概念;关系词概念;定语从句的结构;考试考点聚焦考点 一　关系代词的用法 1．关系代词的作用 (1)连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来； (2)替代作用：关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词； (3)成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当句子成分。;2．关系代词的用法分类;3.易混关系代词辨析 (1)关系代词that和which 先行词是物时，关系代词that，which可以通用，但有区别。 1)在限制性定语从句中只能用that的情况 ①先行词为不定代词(all, nothing, the one, much等)或被不定代词修饰时。 You can take any seat that is free. Tell us all that you know.;②先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 That is the first composition that Ive written in English. ③先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution. ④当人和物同为先行词时。 Everyone wants to see the spaceship and the spaceman that made the flight around the earth.;⑤先行词是be的表语或关系词在从句中作表语时。 Its a book that will help you a lot. He is no longer the man (that) he used to be. ⑥先行词被the only, the very修饰时。 That is the very pen (that) I am looking for. ⑦当先行词是which时。 Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?;⑧先行词为the way/the time/the moment/the first /the last time等名词时。 I dont like the way (that) he talks. This is the third time (that) he has been late this week. 特别提示：此时that为关系副词，若先行词没有被the first/the last修饰时，用that和when均可。 The time (that)/(when) I saw you was 800. ⑨定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词已用which时。 He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.;2)只用which的情况 ①关系代词前有介词或介词短语时。 Here is the book about which I told you yesterday. ②非限制性定语从句中。 The weather turned out to be very good, which was better than we could expect. ③先行词后有插入语时。 Here is the English grammar book which，as Ive told you, will help improve your English.;④为避免重复时。 I told them a story last night, which that had been made up by me was very interesting. ; (2)关系代词as和which as既可指人又可指物，主要用于as...；as...as; the same...as...; such...as...等结构中，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。引导的从句可位于句中、句首、句末。 As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. Mary was late for school, as is often the case. as引导非限制性的定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，而which不仅可修饰整个句子还可以修饰单个名词；引导限制和非限制性从句，从句要放在句末。;The meeting, which was held in the park, was a success. The meeting w