2012头-3.ppt

第3章 头部 人体形态科学 口 腔oral cavity 咽pharynx Specimen from a child eight days old. By sagittal sections removing the lateral portion of frontal bone, lamina papyracea of ethmoid, and lateral portion of maxilla—the sinus maxillaris, cellul? ethmoidales, anterior and posterior, infundibulum ethmoidale, and the primitive sinus frontalis are brought into view Specimen from a child one year, four months, and seven days old. Lateral view of frontal, ethmoidal, and maxillary sinus areas Specimen from a child eight years, eight months, and one day old. * 第3节 口腔 第4节 鼻 第5节 咽 口腔 口腔前庭，固有口腔 口唇 人中，鼻唇沟，口角，上下唇系带 The space outside the teeth, indicated by the broken line is the oral vestibule As you can see here, the gingiva (black arrows) is a lighter pink. 上唇系带 下唇系带 颊 cheek 腮腺管乳头 腭 palate 硬腭 软腭 腭帆 腭垂 腭舌弓 腭咽弓 咽峡 牙 牙的形态 牙冠 牙颈 牙根 牙周组织 牙周膜 牙槽骨 牙龈 牙本质 釉质 牙骨质 牙髓 牙的种类和排列 乳牙（20个） 恒牙（32个） II 6 舌的形态 舌尖 舌体 舌根 界沟 舌盲孔 舌黏膜 舌乳头(菌,叶,丝,轮廓乳头) 味蕾(菌,叶,轮廓乳头,会厌) 舌扁桃体 舌 舌系带 舌下阜(下颌下腺,舌下腺开口) 舌下襞 舌肌 舌固有肌 舌外肌 颏舌肌 (两侧同时收缩,伸舌; 单侧收缩,使舌伸向对侧) 唾液腺 腮腺 开口于与上颌第二磨牙相对的颊黏膜的腮腺管乳头 下颌下腺 开口于舌下阜 舌下腺 开口于舌下阜和舌下襞 鼻nose 鼻根 鼻背 鼻尖 鼻翼 鼻唇沟 一、 外鼻 二、鼻腔 Little区（易出血区） 呼吸区 嗅区 嗅神经走行模式图 嗅球 嗅丝 筛板 筛孔 嗅粘膜 嗅细胞 筛骨 三、鼻旁窦 上颌窦 额窦 筛窦 蝶窦 * Specimen from a child eight years, eight months, and one day old. Lateral view of frontal, ethmoidal and maxillary sinus areas, the lateral portion of each having been removed by sagittal cuts. Note that the sinus frontalis developed directly from the infundibulum ethmoidale. Note also the incomplete septa in the sinus maxillaris pharynx [?f?ri?ks] * * 咽峡概念有争议。 2012