中国机械简史（A brief history of Chinese machinery）.doc

中国机械简史（A brief history of Chinese machinery） Period of primitive society China is one of the earliest countries for mechanical development in the world. In ancient China, there were many inventions in the field of machinery, and both of them had their own characteristics in the use of power and the design of mechanical structures. Many special mechanical design and application, such as a guide, and be in the car this censer has originality. Chinese ancient metal smelting technology invented earlier, and skilled. Shang and Zhou dynasties such as the simple bronzeforceful of the spring and Autumn Period bronze delicate, formed a unique style of ancient bronze China. Chinese has been found in the earliest bronze, such as bronze sword unearthed in Gansu Dongxiang Majiayao, dating back more than 4800 years of history. China in about 40 to 500 thousand years ago, there have been processing crude scraperschoppers and three prismatic tip like device primitive tools. 4~5 years ago appeared grinding technology, many stone tools have been relatively smooth, blade is also sharp, and has a single edge, double blade, convex blade, concave blade and round blade of the points. Chinese appearance of the bow in 28000 years ago, this is one of the earliest invention of machinery; 8000 BC to 2800 during a pottery wheel (pottery with turntable); tools appear in about 6000 BC ~ 5000 years ago, in addition to the stone axinite knife, and stone hoes, shovels, stone sickle, clam sickle, bone and bone sickle si. Stone axes and knives have been used on the hard sand grinding from the hole. Slave society period Xia Xia ago and has not appeared in the Quan spoke and wheel spokes are two wheelers; Shang and Zhou Dynasty there was quite a sophisticated; canoe and raft and other water transport has long appeared. The late Neolithic period, people have been able to use tools and weapons of stone and mud casting a fan. During the Shang and Qing Dynasties, with the development of handicraft industry