化学必修一（Chemistry compulsory）.doc

化学必修一（Chemistry compulsory） High school chemistry important knowledge points detailed summary A common name Inorganic part: Soda, soda, natural alkali, alkaline soda: Na2CO3: NaHCO3: Na2S2O3 (soda gypsum gypsum): CaSO4.2H2O plaster: 2CaSO4, CaF2:.H2O fluorite barite: BaSO4 (non-toxic) ammonium carbonate limestone, marble: CaCO3: NH4HCO3: CaO: NaCl salt lime slaked lime, slaked lime (: Ca OH) 2: Na2SO4 - 7H2O (mirabilite laxative) caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda: NaOH: FaSO4: 7H2O dry ice melanterite CO2 alum: KAl (SO4) 2 - 12H2O bleaching powder: Ca (ClO) 2, CaCl2 (mixture): MgSO4, 7H2O, Epsom Salt vitriol: CuSO4 - 5H2O hydrogen peroxide: blue vitriol H2O2: ZnSO4 - 7H2O goslarite silica, quartz corundum: SiO2: Al2O3 water glass, sodium silicate, iron oxide, iron ore mineral rubber: Na2SiO3: Fe2O3: Fe3O4 pyrite, pyrite magnetite FeS2: Cu2: Pseudomonas, malachite (OH) 2CO3 siderite: FeCO3: Cu2O: Ca Bordeaux cuprite (OH 2) and CuSO4 Ca (OH): LSSS and 2 main components: Na2SiO3, S glass CaSiO3, SiO2 superphosphate (the main component): Ca (H2PO4) 2 and CaSO4 over P calcium (main ingredient): Ca (H2PO4) 2 natural gas, biogas, pit gas (the main component): CH4 water gas: CO and H2 ammonium ferrous sulfate (blue green): Fe (NH4) 2 (SO4) 2 dissolved in water was pale green Photochemical smog: a toxic gas Aqua NO2 in the light produced by concentrated HNO3 and concentrated HCl according to the volume ratio of 1:3 blend. Thermites: Al + Fe2O3 or other oxides. Urea: CO (NH2) 2 Organic part: Chloroform: CHCl3 calcium carbide: CaC2, calcium carbide gas: C2H2 (acetylene) TNT: three nitro toluene, alcohol, ethanol: C2H5OH That is a good HCFC refrigerant, toxic, but the destruction of the O3 layer. Acetic acid: glacial acetic acid and vinegar CH3COOH Pyrolysis gas components (petroleum cracking): alkenes, alkanes, alkynes, H2S, CO2, CO etc.. Glycerol and glycerin: C3H8O3 Composition of coke oven gas (coal carbonization): H2, CH4, ethylene, CO and so on. Phenol formaldehyde