全瓷（porcelain）.doc

全瓷（porcelain） At present, all kinds of porcelain materials used in practical work include: I (Empress) Lithium based all ceramic (Empress II) Alumina based all ceramic (Vita, In, ceram, Wolceram, Procera systems) Zirconia based all ceramic (Everset, Ceracon, Cerec, Lava systems) The process of making all ceramic systems is now common, including: Hot pressing process (Empress, I, II) Ceramic penetration process (Vita, In - ceram, Wolceram) Porcelain deposition (ELC system system) Computer aided cutting (Procera, Everset, Ceracon, Cerec) The manufacturing process will also have an impact on the choice of materials. 1.Empress - I is the best translucent effect in all ceramic materials, and can achieve very good aesthetic effect. However, its strength is limited, and its flexural strength is only 180 MPA, so it has not been used in clinic for crown. At present, most of the patients are made of veneers or inlays only with Empress - I. Its rare now. 2.Empress increase II strength than Empress I has reached 360 MPA, but the translucency than Empress I decreased significantly, so you cant use Empress II to make the porcelain crown, but making Empress II all ceramic crowns, bake outside the veneering. In this way we can both guarantee the strength of porcelain crown, and can achieve the translucent aesthetic effect is very good. Empress - II ceramic single crown often make a routine, if the bite is tight situation, the tooth tongue side can not prepare enough thickness. It will greatly reduce the strength of porcelain crown; on the other hand, cast porcelain fixed bridge in the production, in order to achieve sufficient strength, need to ensure adequate connection area therefore, the gap can not be adjacent incision. This limits the overall aesthetic effect to a great extent. This is a major problem in the manufacture of fixed bridges by Empress - II casting porcelain materials. Empress - II cast porcelain material has higher transparency, which is an important advantage. In