第三章文化上的身体与移植-CUHK.PDFVIP

肾脏移植、身体与文化 【摘要】肾脏移植作为具有划时代意义的一项新技术，涉及到疾病、文化、 政治经济、社会生活等方方面面。通过身体理论的视角，我关注于经历肾脏移植 的人们如何看待他们的身体，在现代西方医学的身、心二元对立和传统中国文化 共同作用下的现代中国社会，他们又是如何构建自我。本文在对云南省昆明市两 家医院的实地调查基础上，访谈了40 多名移植者，并通过观察在肾脏移植过程 中人们所面临的各种困难、矛盾及其解决方式，发现这一过程中他们身体观的转 向，以及在身体、文化上重新适应，重构他们的社会生活和关系以重归社会。最 终器官移植从一个个体医学技术变得与知识权力关联起来，作为重要的一环插入 全球化中。 【关键词】肾脏移植 身体 文化 【Abstract 】Kidney Transplantation is this generation ’s technological achievement, reflecting disease, culture, political economy, and social practices. From the angle of Body theory, I learned how the person with kidney transplants to understand their bodies. Within Chinese society which is affected by body-mind dualistic western medicine and traditional holistic Chinese medicine, how personal identity is constructed. Based on the fieldwork by two transplant hospital in Kunming, I interviewed more than 40 persons and observed the difficulties, inconsistencies and solutions during kidney transplantation, and then pointed out that: organ transplants caused the changing of their body-view, the person with organ transplants needed adapt the kidney transplants in both physiological and cultural ways, and in addition, they would reconstruct their social status and relationship and try to return to society successfully. During this process, the body is transformed from a biological, individual organism to a social, cultural, and political economy object. As an individual medical technological advancement, organ transplantation is linked to the knowledge power, ultimately is incorporated into globalization. 【Key Word 】Kidney transplantation Body Culture 尽管20 世纪50 年代以后肾脏移植作为医学领域的一项新技术就开始应用于 临床，至今已经历了半个世纪，全球累计有100 多万人接受了各种类型的器官移 植手术,其中肾脏移植手术人数最多，估计有50 余万人。但是，在一般人眼中器 官移植依旧是披着神秘面纱的医学神话，而移植者的生活状况更是鲜为人知。 事实上，目前的移植技术不断发展成熟，已经使得手术本身仅仅是一个难度 不大的医学过程，但是依然给普通人和移植者都带来了异样的感觉。究其原因， 其特殊性就