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Characterization of drr1, an Alkamide-Resistant Mutant of Arabidopsis, Reveals an Important Role for Small Lipid Amides in Lateral Root Development and Plant Senescence1[C][W][OA] ´ ´ ´ Alina Morquecho-Contreras, Alfonso Mendez-Bravo, Ramon Pelagio-Flores, Javier Raya-Gonzalez, ´ ´ ´ Randy Ortız-Castro, and Jose Lopez-Bucio* ´ ´ ´ Instituto de Investigaciones Quımico-Biologicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Ciudad ´ Universitaria, CP 58030 Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico Alkamides belong to a class of small lipid signals of wide distribution in plants, which are structurally related to the bacterial quorum-sensing signals N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings display a number of root developmental responses to alkamides, including primary root growth inhibition and greater formation of lateral roots. To gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms by which these compounds alter plant development, we performed a mutant screen for identifying Arabidopsis mutants that fail to inhibit primary root growth when grown under a high concentration of N-isobutyl decanamide. A recessive N-isobutyl decanamide-resistant mutant (decanamide resistant root [drr1]) was isolated because of its continued primary root growth and reduced lateral root formation in response to this alkamide. Detailed characterization of lateral root primordia development in the wild type and drr1 mutants revealed that DRR1 is required at an early stage of pericycle cell activation to form lateral root primordia in response to both N-isobutyl decanamide and N-d