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麦芽炒制过程中近红外在线监测模型的建立及“炒香”终点判断研究
[摘要]炒??芽一直沿用“炒黄炒香”的入药传统,而“炒黄炒香”终点的判断一直是炒制研究的重点与难点。该实验建立指标成分与NIRS之间的定量校正模型用于快速检测总还原糖、总氨基酸、总黄酮、A420及含水量,并提出基于“成分变化率”的炒制终点判断方法。以近红外光谱仪采集不同炒制时间样品光谱,建立基于近红外光谱的定量分析模型,并对光谱预处理、建模波段等参数进行优选;采用HCA,PLS-DA研究成分与“炒香”的关系,确定炒制终点。所建立的校正模型性能良好,采用所建模型进行在线分析,预测结果与实际测定值相关系数均大于0.9,预测相对偏差小于10%;HCA方法将在不同炒制时间的麦芽分为4类,PLS-DA分析表明总还原糖对区分不同炒制时间的麦芽具有显著的贡献率,当总还原糖的变化率为80%时,即可判断“炒香”终点的到达。结果表明,近红外光谱可快速准确地测定麦芽不同炒制时间样品中总还原糖、总氨基酸、总黄酮、A420及含水量,并可判断“炒香”工艺终点,为中药炒制工艺的评价及终点判断提供新的研究方法。
[关键词]近红外光谱; 麦芽; 炒制过程; 在线监测; 终点判断
[Abstract]Hordei Fructus Germinatus has been always used by stir-frying as a traditional medicine and the endpoint judgment of fragrant and yellow has been the focus and difficulty in frying process research. In this study, a quantitative calibration model between index components and NIRS was established in order to rapidly detect the contents of reducing sugar, total amino acids, total flavonoids, A420 and moisture; besides, an endpoint judgment method of frying process was put forward based on the component change rate. Near-infrared spectra of samples with different frying time were collected, and a quantitative analysis model based on near-infrared spectroscopy was established to optimize the parameters such as spectral pretreatment and modeling band. HCA and PLS-DA were used to study the relationship between component and stir-frying, and the endpoint of frying process was determined. The established calibration model had a good performance that the correlation coefficients between the predicted results and the actual measured values were both more than 0.9, with predicted relative deviations less than 10%. Hordei Fructus Germinatus with different frying time was divided into 4 categories by HCA analysis. PLS-DA analysis showed that total reducing sugar had a significant contribution to distinguishing the Hordei Fructus Germinatus of different frying time. When the change rate of total reducing sugar was 80%, it could judge that the endpoint of fryin
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