南京市中学生早餐营养状况调查.doc

南京市中学生早餐营养状况调查【摘要】 目的 了解南京市中学生早餐营养状况,为采取措施促进学生身体健康和生长发育、提高学习效率提供参考。方法 采用24 h膳食回顾法,对南京市5所中学330名中学生的早餐膳食状况进行连续3 d调查。结果 中学生每天吃早餐者所占比例为94.8%,就餐场所以在家中为主;早餐能量摄入尚未达到早餐标准能量,碳水化合物的供能比例较低,仅为50%左右;早餐中谷类、蛋类、奶类的摄入量基本符合标准,肉类、蔬菜、水果的摄入量明显不足;除维生素B?2、磷、硒外,其他营养素的摄入量均未达到推荐摄入量RNI的30%,尤其是维生素C的摄入量尚未达RNI的10%。中学生早餐组成模式以谷类+肉类+奶类、谷类+奶类、谷类+肉类为主。结论 南京市中学生早餐膳食结构不够合理。建议学生注意平衡膳食,增加肉类和蔬菜、水果摄入。 【关键词】 饮食习惯;营养状况;问卷调查;学生 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 153.2 R 155.1 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2009)09-0799-03 Nutrition Status of Breakfast Among Middle School Students in Nanjing/GENG Shan-shan, LU Ming, CAI Yun-qing. Nutrition and Food Hygiene Department of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing(210029), China 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate nutritional condition of breakfast among middle school students in Nanjing, in order to take pointed measures, promote students’ physical health and raise study efficiency. Methods 330 middle school students from 5 middle schools in Nanjing were surveyed by 24-hour dietary recall method to investigate 3 days breakfast nutrition status. ResultsAbout 94.8% of the students had breakfast every day, and the majority had their breakfast at home. Their breakfast energy intake was lower than breakfast energy standard. The energy supply proportion of carbohydrate was low (50%). The intake of cereal, eggs and milk at breakfast were in a normal level, but the intake of meat, vegetables and fruits were inadequate. Various vitamin and trace element intakes were inadequate(30%RNI) except vitamin B?2, P and Se, especially the intake of vitamin C was less than 10% RNI. Three main breakfast patterns were “cereal, meat and milk” pattern, “cereal and milk” pattern and “cereal and meat” pattern. Conclusion The dietary structure of Nanjing middle school students was unreasonable. They should make their diet balance, and increase intake of meat, vegetables and fruits. 【Key words】 Food habits;Nutritional status;Questionnaires;Students 营养是体格增长、智力发育和促进机体健康的物质基础,中学生处于身体快速生长发育阶段,如发生营养不良,不仅影