中国贫困研究的社会学评述.PDF

2000 2 沈　　　红 　　Abstract:As a crucial component of development theory, the poverty research has reemerged in the context of social transformation in Chinese society.Through so- ciological lens, this paper intends to review the plentiful researches on poverty in last tw o decades from three perspectives. 1.From process perspective, poverty-focused research is decorated in terms of conceptions, typology and initiation of poverty.To answer the questions of how poverty generates, and w hy it has been regenerative, the researchers contribute many themes.The analysis on intra-household,interhousehold, intra-generation, and inter- generation behaviors show a new vision of explaination for regenerative poverty . 2.From interaction perspectives,poverty-focused research includes income gap, regional inequality and inter-group inequity, and the domination of development in the macro-interest structure.This discussion results to the debates about w ho should ow n the development-the subjective and inter-subjective roles among government, market and the poorest. .From action perspectives,poverty-focused research refers to delivery systems, self-targeting, gender equal opportunities, and participation issues.As anti-poverty methods are insufficiency for the poor people needs, the institutional risks and new approaches for poverty reduction are discussed. 。, 。, 、 。 ,, 。 ,。、, 。, 。, 20 。 , (A.Hoogvelt)《》 ,、———。 ,。 : 91 ·, , 、 ,。 ·, ,、 、,。 ·,、、。 、 ,, 、 、,,、, ,。。 ,, , , 。,。, 。“”。 ,, 、、 、、, , 。,、、, , , , ( , 1989;, 1992)。“” , ,, (、, 1991;、, 1991;、, 1992)。 ,(, 1991;, 1995; , 1995;, 1997;、, 1