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动物成语大全分析
1.排偶:是指把两个或更多数字相近、结构相同或相似的句子或短语,并列地排在一起,用以表示对比或对照关系,其特点是句式整齐匀称,节奏明朗,感染力强,是表示对比的有效手段。 动物习语中一般含比较级或最高级的句子大都属于这种类型。例如: Better ride on an ass that carries me than a horse that throws me. (勿做自不量力之事。但能依本分,终须无烦恼) An army of stags led by a lion would be more formidable than one of lions led by a stag. (狮帅鹿兵比鹿帅狮兵更可怕) It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God. (富人死后难升天) The best horse needs breaking, and the aptest child needs teaching.(最好的马也要受训,最聪明的孩子也要受教) 其他常见的还有: Like cow, like calf.(有什么样的母牛,就有什么样的牛犊) An ox is taken by the horns, and a man by the tongue.(牛因角被执,人因舌而遭殃) A man has his hour, and a dog his day. (人有得意时,狗有得意日) 排偶类的也有少数,例: Take heed of an ox before; an ass behind, and a monk on all sides. (见牛防牴,逢驴防踢,碰上僧侣,谨防被欺) No bees, no honey; no work, no money. (不劳无获) 2.反衬(也叫对照) 英语中的反衬是用平行或对称的结构来表示两种相反的意思,其结构特点是整齐匀称,相反的意思相互衬托,显得更加鲜明突出。例: Illness come on horseback, but go on foot. (病来如山倒,病去如抽丝) (come→go, on horseback→on foot) A little body often harbors a great soul. (燕雀也有鸿鹄志)(a little body →a great soul) The life of the wolf is the death of the lamb. (有活的豺狼,就有死的羔羊 )(life →death, wolf→lamb) A black hen lays a white egg, a foul woman brings forth a fair child. (黑鸡下白蛋,丑妇生俊儿)(black hen →white egg, foul woman →fair child) 二、 词义修辞格 1. 比拟。主要包括明喻、暗喻、拟人、拟物,而且拟人、拟物手法又往往穿插在明暗喻中。 1)明喻(simile) 主要有as型和 like型两种。例: as slippery as an eel (似鳝鱼般滑溜。指人狡猾,难以控制) as wise as an owl (比喻人很聪明) Trouble runs off him like water off a duck’s back.(鸭子不怕水,好汉不怕难) Men live like fish, the great ones devour the small. (弱肉强食) Laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps, and hornet break through. Or : Laws catch flies but let hornets go. (法律如蛛网,捉得住苍蝇,但捉不住黄蜂。用来比喻小人物绳之以法,大人物逍遥法外。) 2)暗喻(metaphor)又叫隐喻,这是习语中使用较普遍的一种修辞手法。这类习语中有我们最常见的由be动词构成的暗喻,但绝大多数都是从习语的隐含意义中引申出来的,例:
Zeal without knowledge is a runaway horse. (盲目的狂热犹如脱缰之马) Every dog is a lion at home. (狗是百步王,只在门前狠。) Man
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