针对性能的桥梁结构概率地震需求分析.pdfVIP

摘 要 近几次地震中，许多结构及结构构件都遭受到了严重的破坏，而这些严重的破 坏的出现主要是由于位移和变形过大造成的。在过去基于强度的抗震设计中低估了 这些过大的位移和变形，因此，现行的基于强度的抗震设计方法主要是防止结构倒 塌来保护人的生命安全但还是无法满足抗震设计要求。为了克服现行的设计方法的 缺点，本文提出了基于性能的概率地震需求分析。该方法可以把地面运动的随机性 和结构本身的不确定都考虑进去。 以该方法为基础，研究了普通混凝土梁式桥的抗震性能。计算结构 NO 、IO、LS 、 CP 各性能极限状态的易损性曲线，给出了地震作用下 50 年设计基准期内结构的抗 震性能的概率评估。研究结果表明：采用不同工程需求参数作为量化指标对易损性 结果影响较大，该桥梁结构满足多重抗震设防水准。 利用该方法，本文还对减震桥梁进行了研究。给出了结构的易损性曲线，并对 无阻尼器和有阻尼器结构的易损性曲线进行了比较，结合地震危险性曲线，得到结 构在五十年内的地震需求危险性曲线。研究结果表明：不加阻尼器时五十年内发生 碰撞的超越概率接近极限超越概率，加阻尼器后能很好的满足性能水准要求；在小 震中阻尼器对结构的抗震性能提高不是很明显，而在大震中能够对结构的抗震性能 提高很多。 关键词: 概率地震需求分析；增量动力分析；易损性曲线；地震危险性曲线；桥梁抗 震性能 I Abstract In recent earthquakes, many structures and their component have experienced severe damage. Most of this damage was the consequence of excessive seismic displacements and deflections that have been substantially underestimated in design. Such intensity- based design deficiencies challenged the general philosophy of earthquake-resistant structual design codes, which has been to preserve human lives in structures by preventing structural collapse. This paper proposed the performance-based probabilistic seismic demand analysis which is able to overcome shortcomings of traditional seismic disign codes. This method considers the uncertain of groud motions and the randomness of structures. Basing on the probabilistic seismic demand analysis, seismic performance of ordinary conrete bridges has been studyed in this paper. The fragility curves of the limit state of NO, IO, CP, and LF of the structure were presented and compared. The probability assessment of the seismic performance has been presented during the