dendritic cell-based vaccines positively impact natural killer and regulatory t cells in hepatocellular carcinoma patients树突状细胞疫苗的积极影响自然杀伤和调节性t细胞在肝细胞癌患者.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Clinical and Developmental Immunology Volume 2011, Article ID 249281, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2011/249281 Research Article Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccines Positively Impact Natural Killer and Regulatory T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Sarah M. Bray,1 Lazar Vujanovic,1 and Lisa H. Butterfield1, 2, 3 1 Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA 3 Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Lisa H. Butterfield, butterfieldl@ Received 3 May 2011; Revised 27 June 2011; Accepted 30 June 2011 Academic Editor: E. Shevach Copyright © 2011 Sarah M. Bray et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Immunotherapy of cancer must promote antitumor effector cells for tumor eradication as well as counteract immunoregulatory mechanisms which inhibit effectors. Immunologic therapies of cancer are showing promise, including dendritic cell-(DC-) based strategies. DC are highly malleable antigen-presenting cells which can promote potent antitumor immunity as well as tolerance, depending on the environmental signals received. Previously, we tested a peptide-pulsed DC vaccine to promote Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-) specific anti-tumor immunity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and reported on the CD8+ T cell responses induced by this vaccine and the clinical trial results. Here, we show that the peptide-loaded DC enhanced N