biocompatibility and toxicity of magnetic nanoparticles in regenerative medicine磁性纳米粒子的生物相容性和毒性在再生医学.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials Volume 2012, Article ID 614094, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2012/614094 Review Article Biocompatibility and Toxicity of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Regenerative Medicine H. Markides, M. Rotherham, and A. J. El Haj Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent, Staff ordshire ST4 7QB, UK Correspondence should be addressed to H. Markides, h.markides@istm.keele.ac.uk Received 4 May 2012; Revised 28 June 2012; Accepted 16 July 2012 Academic Editor: Xiaoming Li Copyright © 2012 H. Markides et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Regenerative medicine is a pioneering field aimed at restoring and regenerating the function of damaged cells, organs and tissues in order to establish normal function. It demands the cross communication of disciplines to develop effective therapeutic stem cell based therapies. Nanotechnology has been instrumental in the development and translation of basic research to the clinically relevant therapies. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been applied to tag, track and activate stem cells offering an effective means of monitoring in vitro and in vivo behaviour. MNPs are comprised of an iron oxide core with a biocompatible biological polymer. Safety is an issue of constant concern and emphasises on the importance of investigating the issue of toxicity. Any indication of toxicity can ultimately limit the therapeutic efficiency of the therapy. Toxicity is highly dependent on the physical, chemical and structural properties of the MNP itself as