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Journal of Environmental Protection, 2011, 2, 1069-1075 doi:10.4236/jep.2011.28123 Published Online October 2011 (/journal/jep) Carbon Storage in Agroecosystems: A Case Study of the Cocoa Based Agroforestry in Ogbese Forest Reserve, Ekiti State, Nigeria David Oke, Ayodeji Olatiilu Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. Email: davoke2003@ Received June 8th, 2011; revised August 19th, 2011; accepted September 18th, 2011. ABSTRACT Large areas of the indigenous tropical forests in the southwestern part of Nigeria are being converted into agricultural lands and this has been reported to have serious implications for biodiversity and the environment. Cocoa based agro- forestry is one of the common agricultural practices in this region and comparative information on the carbon storage capacity of the cocoa agroforests is generally lacking. In this study the above-ground carbon storage and partitioning in a protected primary forest were evaluated and compared with those of the two categories of cocoa agroforests (sparse and dense) identified in the area. Above-ground biomass accumulation and carbon stock varied significantly with land use type, with the primary rainforest having the highest values and sparse cocoa agroforests having the low- est. A reduction in above-ground carbon stock of 89.82% and 71.20% was observed 10 years after conversion of tropi- cal rainforest to sparse and dense cocoa agroforests respectively. Keywords : Carbon Sequestration, Cocoa, Agroforestry, Forest Conversion, Global Climate Change 1. Introduction Reference [5] reported that the protection of existing forests, regeneration of degraded forests and raising of Carbon dioxide (CO ) is one of the greenhous