changes in excitability of the motor cortex associated with internal model formation during intrinsic visuomotor learning in the upper arm兴奋性的变化与内部模型相关的运动皮层形成内在visuomotor学习中上臂.pdfVIP

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2017-08-27 发布于上海
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changes in excitability of the motor cortex associated with internal model formation during intrinsic visuomotor learning in the upper arm兴奋性的变化与内部模型相关的运动皮层形成内在visuomotor学习中上臂.pdf

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changes in excitability of the motor cortex associated with internal model formation during intrinsic visuomotor learning in the upper arm兴奋性的变化与内部模型相关的运动皮层形成内在visuomotor学习中上臂

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, 2011, 1, 140-152 doi:10.4236/jbbs.2011.13019 Published Online August 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jbbs) Changes in Excitability of the Motor Cortex Associated with Internal Model Formation during Intrinsic Visuomotor Learning in the Upper Arm 1 1,3,4 Timothy Hunter , Paul Sacco², Duncan L. Turner 1School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, London, UK 2 The Pain Research Institute, Division of Neurosciences, University of Liverpool, Aintree Hospital , Liverpool, UK 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 4Lewin Stroke Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital , Cambridge, UK E-mail : t.hunter@uel.ac.uk Received May 4, 2011; revised June 22, 2011; accepted July 18, 2011 Abstract Previous studies have shown that the primary motor cortex (M1) may drive part of the feed forward control of well learnt simple movements by specifying patterns of muscle activation. This study explored the role of the M1 in the feed forward control of newly formed movement patterns after motor adaptation. Ten healthy right-handed subjects performed planar, centre-out arm reaching movement trials with a robotic manipulan- dum in three phases: a null force field (baseline), a velocity-dependent force field (adaptation; 25 Nsm-1) and again in a null force field (deadaptation). Reaching error and voluntary EMG were recorded from the biceps and triceps before, during and after motor adaptation. We also explored the effects of motor adapta- tion on evoked responses to single and paired pulse Transc