黔东南州2001-2005年学校传染病爆发疫情研究.docVIP

黔东南州2001-2005年学校传染病爆发疫情研究【摘要】 目的 了解黔东南州学校传染病爆发疫情 的流行病学特征，为学校预防和控制传染病提供科学依据。方法 应用描 述流行病学方法，对黔东南州2001-2005年学校传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果黔东南州2001-2005年发生在学校的传染病爆发疫情90起，发病6 099例，死亡2 例，罹患率为8.81％，病死率为0.03％。学校传染病爆发疫情以呼吸道传染病为主（83.33 ％），94.45％的爆发和97.41％的病例发生在农村；3月和10月为高发月份，7～9岁为高发 年龄。结论 特殊的环境、学生疫苗接种率低和疫情迟报是学校出现传 染病爆发和疫情扩大的原因。 【关键词】 传染病；疾病爆发流行；横断面研究；学生 【中图分类号】 R 179 G 478.2 R 51 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 10 00-9817(2007)08-0726-03 Epidemiological Analysis on Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases in Schoolsin Qiandongnan Prefecure from 2001 to 2005/ZHOU Jun*, TANG Guang-peng , LUO Tao, et al. * Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Qiandongnan P refecture, Kaili(556000), Guizhou Province, China 【Abstract】 Objective To study the epidemiological characteri stics of outbreaks of infectious diseases in Qiandongnan prefecture, and to prov ide scientific evidence for the prevention and control in school. Method s By using the description method, data of the outbreaks of infectiousdiseases were analyzed. Results There were 90 outbreaks of infe ctious diseases, 6 099 cases and 2 dead in all. The attack rate was 8.81% and th e mortality was 0.03%. The most outbreaks if infectious diseases were respirator y infectious diseases (83.33%). About 94.45% outbreaks and 97.41% cases occurredin rural area. Most of the outbreaks concentrated between March and October, an d the prevalence was higher in 7-9-year-old than that of the other age groups . ConclusionThe special circumstance of the schools the lowe rvaccination coverage rate of the students and the delay of epidemic outbreaks re ported easily cause infectious diseases outbreaks and spread. 【Key words】 Communicable desease;Disease outbreaks;Cross-sec tional studies;Students 学校是传染病易感人群高度聚集的特殊场所。在学校发生的传染病爆发疫情流行强度大 ，传播快，不仅危害学生的身心健康，而且会影响学校的教学秩序。为有效预防和控 制发生在学校的传染病爆发疫情，笔者对黔东南州2001-2005年学校传染病爆发疫情进行了 分析，结果报道如下。 1 资料来源与方法 人口资料来自黔东南州统计局公布资料，学校传染病资料来源于黔东南州疾病预防控制中心 疫情室。应用描述流行病学方法对资料进行分析，采用Excel和Epio软件对数据进行统计分 析。 2 结果 2.1 发病情况 2001-2005年