减少或减轻献血反应发生护理对策.docVIP

减少或减轻献血反应发生护理对策【摘要】目的:探索减少或减轻献血反应发生的对策,推动无偿献血工作的开展。方法:针对不同对象采取不同的采血姿势,对发生献血反应的情况按献血次数、反应发生的程度进行分类统计,采用X??2?检验。结果:对估计会发生献血反应的对象采取卧位姿势采血则无一例发生献血反应,初次献血者献血反应高于再次献血者,献血反应程度与献血次数无关。结论:采血时尽可能让献血者卧位,采血空间应温度适宜、空气对流,采血护士要提高自己的技术并自信,采血过程中多观察询问,及时处理献血反应,做好献血者的心理护理。? 【关键词】献血者;献血反应;护理对策? doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2010.08.169文章编号:1006-1959(2010)-08-2139-01? Reduce or mitigate the incidence of blooddonation nursing StrategyTANG Guang-meiBlood Station Centre,Huaihua,Hunan (418000) Tangguang-mei? 【Abstract】Objective:Exploration reduce or mitigate the blood in response to the measures to promote voluntary blood donation work.Methord:For different target groups to take a different posture blood, a blood donation reflects the situation on the number of blood donors,in response to statistics on the extent of using x2 test.Results:To donate blood in response estimated to be the target of blood taken supine posture is not one case of blood donation in response to the initial response to blood donors to donate blood once again higher than that of blood donors,blood donation level of response has nothing to do with the number of blood donors.Conclusions:As far as possible,so that when blood donors supine,blood temperature should be suitable for space,air convection,blood sampling of nurses to improve their technology and self-confidence,blood observed in the course of more than asked,the timely processing of blood donation reaction to the blood donors psychological care.? 【Key words】Blood donor;Blood donor response;Nursing strategy 血液是生命之源,在没有研制出替代品的今天,临床用血只能来自于健康人体,从健康人群中采集血液是血站护理工作的重点之一。采集血液经常会遇到献血反应的情况,而导致献血反应的诱因很多。献血者发生献血反应后,会加剧对献血的恐惧和担心,挫伤献血热情。如何减少或减轻献血反应的发生是长期困惑采血护士的一大难题。本文针对献血姿势、献血次数与献血反应的频率进行统计分析,提出相应的护理对策。? 1.资料与方法? 1.1资料来源:2009年5月至2009年10月怀化市中心血站采血记录,这期间怀化市共采集血液29052袋(人次),初次献血19850人次,再次献血9202人次,共发生献血反应181例,发生率为0.62%。采血均按《献血者健康检查要求》、《采血标准操作规程》进行。? 1.2方法:根据献血反应的程度分为轻度、中度、重度三种,轻度表现为面色苍白、头晕、出汗;中度反应除上述症状外,出现恶心、呕吐、胸闷或脉搏细弱;重度出现晕厥、惊厥、视物模糊、意识不清等。三种采血姿势采血:自诉非常害