PDCA建筑施工安全问题及管理对策研究.docVIP

PDCA建筑施工安全问题及管理对策研究 摘要：近年来，建筑企业伤亡事故时有发生，建筑施工安全问题引起了全社会的共同重视，建筑业的特点决定了其施工过程是个危险大、突发性强、容易发生伤亡事故的生产过程，必须加强施工过程的安全管理与安全技术措施。国际上施工安全管理水平和安全科技水平提高很快，但我国的施工安全状况与工业发达国家相比还有一定差距，施工安全形势依然很严峻。目前我国主要的建筑施工安全问题有建筑市场管理混乱、施工安全应对措施不完善以及缺乏先进的管理技术和信息技术等问题。而改善建筑施工安全问题的对策主要有：建立施工安全管理体系以及采用先进的建筑施工安全现代管理技术和信息技术。这些都能大大减少安全事故的发生几率。PDCA循环管理模式是一种通过不断循环计划mdash;实施mdash;检查mdash;总结四个阶段的方式来改善管理质量的方法，通过系统化的方式循环执行，获得较优的安全管理效益。通过上海市两个类似的建筑施工项目的对比分析，发现未使用PDCA循环管理模式的施工项目由于文件编制欠周全、违章作业等原因，造成了伤亡事故的发生。而通过PDCA循环管理的施工项目虽然也有类似的安全隐患，但是由于通过三次PDCA循环对存在的隐患进行逐层次的检查，能够及时的处理安全隐患，保障了施工人员的生命安全，还为施工企业节省了资金。说明PDCA循环管理在建筑施工安全管理中是值得推广使用的先进管理方法。11548 关键词： 建筑施工；安全管理；PDCA Study on the problems and Countermeasures for the management of construction Abstract: Recently, Accidents about construction happened sometimes, and caused intense public attention. Architectural characters decide that the progress of construction is one which easily leads to accidents, so management of construction safety must be strengthened to reduce the possibility of accidents. Comparing to some developed countries, China#39;s situation about construction safety is still negative. At present, the market of construction in China is correspondingly disordered. Most of architecture enterprises is limited in safety monitoring, advanced management countermeasures, information technology and reasonable methods to handle accidents. There are several major management methods to prove construction situation in China, such as building the management system of construction safety to unify different management methods and applying advanced information technology and management methods. These can greatly reduce the possibility of construction accidents. PDCA is a kind of method which can improve safety management by keeping four steps (Plan, Do, Check, Action) systematically. We compared with two similar cases about construction in the city of Shanghai, found out illegal construction and blocking of operation in safety system occurred in the one without PDCA