窄带隙聚合物太阳能电池用苯并二噻吩单元的设计制备.docVIP

窄带隙聚合物太阳能电池用苯并二噻吩单元的设计制备 摘要通过拓宽聚合物的吸收光谱和提高载流子迁移率可以有效提高聚合物太阳能电池的光电转换效率。合成新颖的窄带隙聚合物成为提高效率的有效途径之一。目前，窄带隙聚合物是新型太阳能电池的研究热点。苯并二噻吩类窄带隙聚合物极具有高效率有机太阳能电池的潜力。本课题论文对苯并二噻吩的结构设计与合成进行了研究，尝试设计合成了二维结构的苯并二噻吩单元。以3-噻吩甲酸和噻吩为原料通过逐步反应，每步经过提纯、核磁表征，确定各阶段产物的分子结构，最终成功合成了二维结构的苯并二噻吩类給体单元。这种给体单元可应用于各种D-A结构窄带隙聚合物的合成，通过其制成太阳能器件，进一步探究其光电转换效率的优劣及其应用前景。10165 关键词苯并二噻吩窄带隙聚合物合成共轭聚合物聚合物太阳能电池 毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要 Title Structural Design and Synthesis of Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-brsquo;]dithiophene for Narrow Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Solar Cells Abstract The design and synthesis of new conjugated polymers with broader absorption band and higher mobility is the effective way to further improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs). The synthesis of novel narrow bandgap can achieve these goals. Currently, the narrow bandgap polymers are a new research focus of polymer solar cells. Some new conjugated polymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-brsquo;]dithiophene have been synthesized successfully and the polymer solar cells have exhibited high efficiencies of 4-7.4%. In this thesis, a structure of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-brsquo;]dithiophene as the donor has been designed and synthesized. Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid and thiophene are the raw material. To detect the molecular structure, product of each reaction was purified and determined by 1H NMR. Eventually, the new donor has been synthesized successfully. Various polymers for solar device can be synthesized by alternating this electron donating unit and different accepting units. Compared with other materials in absorption spectra, bandgap, energy levels, mobility, and photovoltaic performance, the application prospects of these polymers can be surmised. 2.6.2实验分析与讨论17 结论19 致谢20 参 考 文 献21 1引言 目前，三大化石燃料作为主要能源消耗，由其引发的全球能源危机和环境污染问题日益严重。当前的能源生产、消耗使用方式是不可持续的，能源问题业已成为遏制各国经济发展的首要难题之一。新能源的技术开发和应用已日益受到重视。太阳能作为最理想的可再生能源，是一种取之不尽、用之不竭的无污染绿色能源。如何将太阳能转换为电能或热能造福于人类一直是科学家的努力探索目标。1954年贝尔实验室Chapin等人[1]制作了光电转化效率达6％的太阳能电池，标志着商业化太阳能电池研究的开始。20世纪70年代，半导体硅太阳能的光电转化效率已提高到