园林植物学（ornamental botany）.docVIP

园林植物学（ornamental botany） Introduction Taxa and diversity in the plant kingdom (1) the origin of life on earth 1- creationism; 2- says naturally; 3- theory of extra terrestrial origin. It is generally accepted that the process of chemical evolution of pre life is produced by non living substances, and has been extended for a long time until now, namely, the evolutionary origin of life. (two) division of the biological community For biological division, the following systems appear: 1. The two boundary system: In eighteenth Century, Lin Nai, a Swedish botanist (C.Linnaeus) divided the world of biology into two kingdoms, whether they were motile or sessile, swallowed or autotrophic. The two bounded system of Animal Kingdom (Animalis) (motile, heterotrophic); Plant kingdom (Plantae) (sessile, with cell walls, autotrophic). 2 three system: Before and after nineteenth Century, due to the extensive use of microscopes, it was found that some organisms have both the characteristics of moving plants. On 1886 by Hucker (E.Haeckel) proposed three system, put out pigment body, starting point, flagella, single cells can swim lower plants as an independent community, join the protista. Three system: (1) Protista (Protista) fungi, algae, Spirogyra (2) plant kingdom (3) animal kingdom 3. The four or five boundary system of Wei tec In 1959, Whittaker of the United States isolated fungi from the plant kingdom and proposed a system of four kingdoms, Four boundary systems: (1) protists (2) plant kingdom (3) fungi Kingdom (Fungi); (4) animal kingdom In 1969, Whittaker of the United States separated bacteria and cyanobacteria from native kingdoms and divided the biological world into five systems: Five Kingdom systems: (1) prokaryotic Kingdom (Monera) (cyanobacteria, bacteria) (2) protists (3) plant kingdom (4) fungi (5) animal kingdom Six boundary system: In 1979, Chen Shixiang divided the biological system into 3 new systems of six boundaries, based on the main stages of life evolution.