乌梁素海沉积物对磷吸附特性的粒度效应的分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 湖泊富营养化已成为全球所面临的水生态环境问题之一，磷是湖泊富营养化的 控制性营养元素，通过动态迁移转换同时存在于上覆水体和下覆底泥沉积物中，研 究表明，影响磷在水与沉积物界面间迁移转换过程的因素很多，其中沉积物粒径的 差异表现出对磷的不同的吸附特征，直接影响到磷在水与沉积物界面间的迁移转换 过程。 为了深入认知乌梁素海沉积物对磷吸附特性的粒度效应，本文对乌梁素海表层 沉积物通过筛分分为四个粒径范围，即：小于 63μm、63-125μm、125-250μm、大于 250μm，进行了不同粒径沉积物的吸附动力学及吸附等温试验，结果显示总氮和总 磷吸附的粒度效应较为明显，各粒级对总磷的贡献率由吸附能力和质量百分比共同 控制，试验初期的 0～45min 内，各粒级吸附速率均较高，且不同粒级沉积物对磷 吸附的粒度效应明显，吸附量、吸附速率和吸附效率均呈现出随粒径增大而减小的 趋势。通过对磷的吸附过程试验数据分析发现，在高浓度条件下，沉积物磷吸附动 力学和等温吸附过程与二级动力学方程和 Langmuir 模型拟合的最佳，在低浓度条件 下，沉积物对磷酸盐的吸附量(或解吸量)与初始质量浓度及平衡浓度之间呈很好的 线性关系。试验结果还表明沉积物对磷的吸附是吸热反应，温度升高，有利于沉积 物对磷的吸附沉积物对磷的吸附，同时受环境 pH 值的影响，强酸条件下，沉积物 对磷的吸附量较小，随 pH 值升高而递增。 关键词：乌梁素海；表层沉积物；吸附；粒度效应 Effects of Sediment Particle Size on Phosphate Adsorption Characteristics in the Lake Wuliangsuhai Abstract Entrofication of lakes has been becoming one of the global aquatic eco -environment problems. It has been proved that phosphorus is one of the key contaminants contributing to the entrofication of lakes. It is dissolved and adsorbed in both the water body and the sediment and dynamically transport in between. It was reported that the transport processes were affected by many factors like physical, chemical, hydrogeochemical, mineralogical etc, among which the particle size of the sediment play an important role in adsorption characteristics of phosphorus. To get better understanding on the effects of the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus in the lake Wuliangsuhai, the sediment was sampled and sieved into four groups with the particle sizes of less than 63 μm, 63-125μm, 125-250μm and great than 250μm individually. Lab experiments were carried out on phosphorus adsorption dynamics. The results showed that the ad