brain networks for integrative rhythm formation大脑网络综合节奏的形成.pdfVIP

Brain Networks for Integrative Rhythm Formation Michael H. Thaut1,2, Martina Demartin3¤, Jerome N. Sanes4,5* 1 Center for Biomedical Research in Music, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, 2 Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, 3 Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Research Council, Rome, Italy, 4 Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America, 5 Laboratory of Functional Neuroimaging, Foundation Santa Lucia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy Abstract Background: Performance of externally paced rhythmic movements requires brain and behavioral integration of sensory stimuli with motor commands. The underlying brain mechanisms to elaborate beat-synchronized rhythm and polyrhythms that musicians readily perform may differ. Given known roles in perceiving time and repetitive movements, we hypothesized that basal ganglia and cerebellar structures would have greater activation for polyrhythms than for on-the- beat rhythms. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using functional MRI methods, we investigated brain networks for performing rhythmic movements paced by auditory cues. Musically trained participants performed rhythmic movements at 2 and 3 Hz either at a 1:1 on-the-beat or with a 3:2 or a 2:3 stimulus-movement structure. Due to their prior musical experience, participants performed the 3:2 or 2:3 rhythmic movements automatically. Both the isorhythmic 1:1 and the polyrhythmic 3:2 or 2:3 movements yielded the expected activation in contralateral primary motor cortex and related motor areas and ipsilateral cerebellum. Direct compari