characterisation of the wildlife reservoir community for human and animal trypanosomiasis in the luangwa valley, zambia描述人类和动物野生动物水库社区的锥虫病在卢安瓜谷地,赞比亚.pdfVIP

Characterisation of the Wildlife Reservoir Community for Human and Animal Trypanosomiasis in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia 1 1,2 3 1 1 4 Neil E. Anderson , Joseph Mubanga , Eric M. Fevre , Kim Picozzi , Mark C. Eisler , Robert Thomas , Susan C. Welburn1* 1 Centre for Infectious Diseases, Division of Pathway Medicine, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2 Tsetse Control Section, Chilanga, Zambia, 3 Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 4 Animals, Conservation and Education Department, The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh Zoo, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Abstract Background: Animal and human trypanosomiasis are constraints to both animal and human health in Sub-Saharan Africa, but there is little recent evidence as to how these parasites circulate in wild hosts in natural ecosystems. The Luangwa Valley in Zambia supports high densities of tsetse flies (Glossina species) and is recognised as an historical sleeping sickness focus. The objective of this study was to characterise the nature of the reservoir community for trypanosomiasis in the absence of influence from domesticated hosts. Methodology/Principal Findings: A cross-sectional survey of trypanosome prevalence in wildlife hosts was conducted in the Luangwa Valley from 2005 to 2007. Samples were collected from 418 animals and were examined for the presence of Trypanosoma brucei s.l., T. b. rhodesiense, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax using molecular diagnostic techniques. The overall prevalence of infection in all species was 13.9% (95%