diffusion tensor imaging and decision making in cocaine dependence弥散张量成像和决策在可卡因依赖.pdfVIP

Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Decision Making in Cocaine Dependence 1,2 1 1 2,3 3 Scott D. Lane *, Joel L. Steinberg , Liangsuo Ma , Khader M. Hasan , Larry A. Kramer , Edward A. Zuniga1, Ponnada A. Narayana2,3, Frederick Gerard Moeller1,2 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 2 Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 3 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America Abstract Background: Chronic stimulant abuse is associated with both impairment in decision making and structural abnormalities in brain gray and white matter. Recent data suggest these structural abnormalities may be related to functional impairment in important behavioral processes. Methodology/Principal Findings: In 15 cocaine-dependent and 18 control subjects, we examined relationships between decision-making performance on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and white matter integrity as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Whole brain voxelwise analyses showed that, relative to controls, the cocaine group had lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean of the second and third eigenvalues (l H) in frontal and parietal white matter regions and the corpus callosum. Cocaine subjects showed worse performance on the IGT, notably over the last 40 trials. Importantly, FA and l H values in these regions showed a significant relationship with IGT performance on the last 40 trials. Conclusions: Compro