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Economic Evaluations of Adult Male Circumcision for Prevention of Heterosexual Acquisition of HIV in Men in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review 1 2 3 4 Olalekan A. Uthman *, Taiwo Aderemi Popoola , Mubashir M. B. Uthman , Olatunde Aremu 1The West Midlands Health Technology Assessment Collaboration (WMHTAC), Department of Public Health, Epidemiology Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2 Research and Evaluation, Center for Evidence-Based Global Health, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 3 Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, 4 Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Abstract Background: There is conclusive evidence from observational data and three randomized controlled trials that circumcised men have a significantly lower risk of becoming infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim of this study was to systematically review economic evaluations on adult male circumcision (AMC) for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men. Methods and Findings: Studies were identified from the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), Cochrane Library (Wiley’s internet version), NHS EED and DARE Office of Health Economics HEED. The searches were conducted in November 2009. The Drummond 10-point checklist was used for methodological critique of the economic evaluations. Cost data were inflated and converted to 2008 US dollars (US$). Of 264 identified papers, only five met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The studies were published between 2006 and 2009. Most of the studies were carried out from the persp