non-bulk-like solvent behavior in the ribosome exit tunnelnon-bulk-like溶剂行为核糖体隧道出口.pdfVIP

Non-Bulk-Like Solvent Behavior in the Ribosome Exit Tunnel 1 1 ´ 1 1,2,3 Del Lucent , Christopher D. Snow , Colin Echeverrıa Aitken , Vijay S. Pande * 1 Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 3 Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America Abstract As nascent proteins are synthesized by the ribosome, they depart via an exit tunnel running through the center of the large subunit. The exit tunnel likely plays an important part in various aspects of translation. Although water plays a key role in many bio-molecular processes, the nature of water confined to the exit tunnel has remained unknown. Furthermore, solvent in biological cavities has traditionally been characterized as either a continuous dielectric fluid, or a discrete tightly bound molecule. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we predict that the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of water confined within the ribosome exit tunnel are quite different from this simple two-state model. We find that the tunnel creates a complex microenvironment for the solvent resulting in perturbed rotational dynamics and heterogenous dielectric behavior. This gives rise to a very rugged solvation landscape and significantly retarded solvent diffusion. We discuss how this non-bulk-like solvent is likely to affect important biophysical processes such as sequence dependent stalling, co- translational folding, and antibiotic binding. We conclude with a discussion of the general applicability of these results to other biological cavities. Citatio