review of small cell carcinomas of the prostate检查前列腺小细胞癌.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Prostate Cancer Volume 2011, Article ID 543272, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2011/543272 Review Article Review of Small Cell Carcinomas of the Prostate P. Furtado,1, 2 M. V. A. Lima,3 C. Nogueira,3 M. Franco,1 and F. Tavora1, 3 1 Department of Pathology, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), ˜ Rua Botucatu 740, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil ˜ 2 Presidente Dutra University Hospital, Federal University of Maranhao, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil ˜ 3 Departments of Pathology and Urology, Cancer Institute of Ceara, CE, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to F. Tavora, ftavora@ Received 1 March 2011; Revised 16 May 2011; Accepted 30 May 2011 Academic Editor: Dengfeng Cao Copyright © 2011 P. Furtado et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare neoplasm, with only a few series hitherto reported. A little less than half of the cases are associated with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma, which are usually high grade. Although consensus has not been reached, the majority of patients with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate have advanced disease at diagnosis and disproportionally low PSA levels compared to patients with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. Treatment consists mainly of chemotherapy associated with surgery. Radiation therapy is reserved for selected cases. This study reviews the mo