生物 提纲（Biological syllabus）.doc

生物 提纲（Biological syllabus） The third chapter is the evolution of Biology Section 1 the origin of life on earth 1. human origins dryopithecine. This conclusion is supported by a number of fossil evidence. 2. the earth was formed about 4 billion 600 million years ago, and primitive life was born about 3 billion 600 million years ago. 3., the original atmospheric composition comes from volcanic eruptions, consisting of water vapor, hydrogen, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gas. The apparent difference between the primordial atmosphere and the present atmosphere is that there is no oxygen. 4. the survival of life on earth requires material and energy. 5. Millers experiments: Miller filled the original atmosphere into the flask and made some organic matter through the discharge of sparks. (1) raw materials: methane, water vapor, hydrogen, ammonia and so on. (2) product (evidence): amino acid. (3) conclusion: simple organic compounds can be formed on the primitive earth. 6. the primitive atmosphere formed many simple organic matter under the long-term condition of high temperature, ultraviolet ray and thunder and lightning and other natural conditions. Later, the temperature of the earth gradually decreased. The water vapor in the atmosphere condensed into rain and landed on the ground. These organic matter also went into lakes and rivers with the rain, and finally gathered into the primeval ocean. 7. primitive life was born in primitive ocean. The original ocean like a pot of thin soup, organic matter contained in them, constantly interact, after a very long time, about 1 billion years after the formation of the earth, it gradually formed the original life. 8. most scholars think that the inorganic substance in the primitive atmosphere to organic matter, and then to the primitive life, the process is carried out on the primitive earth. 9. conditions of primitive earth: high temperature, high pressure, ultraviolet ray, lightning, primeval ocean and o